تحلیل و طراحی زیست‌بوم نوآوری نیرو: تجربیات و درس‌های آینده
محورهای موضوعی : اکوسیستم‌های کارآفرینی و نوآوری
علیرضا ولیان
1
(دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی)
محمدصالح اولیاء
2
(مهندسي صنايع)
کلید واژه: زیست‌بوم نوآوری, وزارت نیرو, صنعت آب و برق, سیستم‌های انطباقی پیچیده, مدل‌سازی نرم.,
چکیده مقاله :
با افزایش سهم نوآوری در اقتصاد کشورها و تبدیل آن به مهم‌ترین مزیت رقابتی، توجه به این مفهوم به صورت فزاینده‌ای افزایش یافته است. از جمله، تحلیل و طراحی نظام‌هایی که بتواند پرورش‌دهنده نوآوری باشد در کانون توجه سیاست‌گذاران علم و فناوری در سال‌های اخیر قرار گرفته است. یکی از این نظام‌ها که در طول قریب به یک دهه گذشته، بحث‌های زیادی را در جوامع علمی و حرفه‌ای حوزه نوآوری پدید آورده، زیست‌بوم نوآوری است. برخی از ویژگی‌های مطرح‌شده برای زیست‌بوم نوآوری نظیر استقلال بازیگران، تعاملات غیرخطی در سطح خرد، الگوهای پدیدارشونده و مرزهای سست، آنرا از نظام‌های سنتی متمایز کزده است. مجموعه صنعت آب و برق شامل شرکت‌های متعدد تولیدی و خدماتی، مؤسسات آموزشی تحقیقاتی و فناوری، شرکت‌های فناور و دانش‌بنیان، و نهادهای پشتیبان را می‌توان بعنوان یک زیست‌بوم نوآوری بخشی در نظر گرفت که عناصر آن در تعامل با یکدیگر به تبادل ارزش برای رسیدن به هدف تأمین آب و برق مطمئن و پایدار برای جامعه می‌پردازند. این مقاله حاصل پروژه‌ای است که به منظور تحلیل، طراحی و استقرار زیست‌بوم نوآوری نیرو از نیمه دوم سال 1398 آغاز گردید. در این راستا و مبتنی بر روش‌های مدل‌سازی نرم، کارگاه‌های تحلیل و نگاشت نقش‌ها با حضور ذینفعان و بازیگران کلیدی زیست‌بوم نوآوری نیرو برگزار و رویکرد سیستم‌های انطباقی پیچیده برای شناسایی و تحلیل پویایی‌های این زیست‌بوم استفاده شده است. براساس نتایج بدست‌آمده، نقش‌ها و وظایف هر کدام از بازیگران زیست‌بوم نوآوری نیرو در قالب یک ساختار همراستا شامل دو سطح عناصر پیشخوان و پشتیبان در گستره فرایند تجاری‌سازی بدست آمد. نتایج این مقاله می‌تواند دیدگاه تازه‌ای برای سیاست‌گذاری زیست‌بوم‌های نوآوری در اختیار پژوهشگران و فعالان این حوزه قرار دهد.
By increasing the role of innovation in the economy of countries and turning it into the most important competitive advantage, attention to this concept has increased. Analysis and design of systems that foster innovation have thus been the focus of science and technology policymakers in recent years. One of these systems that have generated many debates in the scientific and professional communities in the field of innovation over the past decade is the innovation ecosystem. Iran’s power and water industry, including numerous companies, research and technology organizations, technological and knowledge-based companies, and supporting institutions can be considered an innovation ecosystem whose elements interact with each other to exchange value to reach the goal of providing reliable and sustainable water and electricity for the society. This article is the result of a project to analyze, design, and establish the energy innovation ecosystem. In this direction and based on soft modeling methods, role analysis and mapping workshops were held with stakeholders and key players of the energy innovation ecosystem. The approach of complex adaptive systems was used to identify and analyze the dynamics of this ecosystem. Based on the obtained results, the roles and duties of each of the actors of Niro's innovation ecosystem were obtained in the form of an aligned structure including two levels of counter and support elements in the scope of the commercialization process. The results of this article can provide researchers and activists in this field with a new perspective on the policy-making of innovation ecosystems.
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