Applying Strategic Project Management as a new Approach to Project Management
Subject Areas : Technology Management
Elham
Soltani
1
teymor
marjani
2
Abstract :
Today, in most project-based organizations, project managers are facing with many challenges. Projects are organizational strategic processes, performed to achieve business goals. Researches indicate a large number of organizations do not achieve the business goals in the execution of their projects. Therefore, in order to reduce and control the problems of the projects, the classic project management approach must be changed to strategic project management for optimizing the performance and success of a project. Strategic project management can propel companies to better achieve corporate goals. So, organizations should have a formal planning and execution framework in accordance with the strategic approach, to achieve competitive advantage and better performance. Project managers and teams must learn how to focus the business aspects of their projects and better support their company’s strategy, rather than just focus on meeting traditional time, budget, and performance goals. This paper employs a literature review approach, and presents the description of the strategic project management concept and its difference with classical project management. Then, the strategic project management models that help organizations to achieve success and create a competitive advantage have been reviewed. Finally, the authors have concluded, in order to achieve competitive advantage, project success and better performance of organization, the executive and project managers should consider the strategic aspect of project management and implement strategic project management processes in organization.
1- Fernandes G, Ward S, Araújo M. Improving and embedding project management practice in organisations—A qualitative study. International Journal of Project Management. 33(5), 1052-1067. 2015.#
2- Jerbrant A. Organising project-based companies: Management, control and execution of project-based industrial operations. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business. 6(2), 365-378. 2013.#
3- Beringer C, Jonas D, Kock A. Behavior of internal stakeholders in project portfolio management and its impact on success. International Journal of Project Management. 31(6), 830-846. 2013.#
4- Jugdev K, Mathur G, Tak F. Project management assets and project management performance: Preliminary findings. Technology Management in the Energy Smart World (PICMET 2011). 2011.#
5- Mir FA, Pinnington AH. Exploring the value of project management: Linking Project Management Performance and Project Success. International Journal of Project Management. 32(2), 202-17. 2014.#
6- Rodrigues A, Bowers J. System dynamics in project management: a comparative analysis with traditional methods. System Dynamics Review. 12(2), 121-139. 1996.#
7- Petrović D, Mihić M, Obradović V. Strategic project management–project strategy and measurement of success. Published as part of SYMORG 2012-XIII International Symposium on Innovative Management & Business Performance. 2012.#
8- Shenhar AJ. Strategic Project Leadership Toward a strategic approach to project management. R&D Management. 34(5), 569-578. 2004.#
9- Shenhar AJ, Dvir D. Reinventing Project Management: The Diamond Approach to Successful Growth & Innovation. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 2007.#
10- Jugdev K, Mathur G. Project management elements as strategic assets: preliminary findings. Management Research News. 29(10), 604-617. 2006.#
11- Englund RL, Graham RJ. From Experience: Linking Projects to Strategy. Journal of Product Innovation Management. 16(1), 52-64. 1999.#
12- Archer NP, Ghasemzadeh F. An integrated framework for project portfolio selection. International Journal of Project Management. 17(4), 207-216. 1999.#
13- Cooper RG, Edgett SJ, Kleinschmidt EJ. Portfolio management for new products. USA: Basic Books, 2001.#
14- Patanakul P, Shenhar AJ. What project strategy really is: The fundamental building block in strategic project management. Project Management Journal. 43(1), 4-20. 2012.#
15- Alsudiri T, Al-Karaghouli W, Eldabi T. An investigation of aligning project management to business strategy: a review and concepcual framework. European Mediterranean & Middle East Conference on Information Systems (EMCIS 2012). 2012.#
16- Patanakul P, Shenhar AJ, Milosevic DZ. How project strategy is used in project management: Cases of new product development and software development projects. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management. 29(3), 391-414. 2012.#
17- Shenhar AJ. What is Strategic Project Leadership? 2012 PMI Global Congress Proceedings – Vancouver, Canada. 2012.#
18- Grundy T. Strategy Implementation through Project Management. London, UK: Thorogood, 2001.#
19- Callahan KR, Brooks LM. Essentials of strategic project management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2004.#
20- Green S. Strategic project management: from maturity model to star project leadership. White Paper in the Department of Management and Marketing. 2005.#
21- Naughton E. Strategic project management– A competitive advantage. 2006 Retrieved September 25, 2013, from http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/2006/05/5/strategic-project-management-a-competitive advantage.#
22- Heerkens G. Introducing the revolutionary strategic project management maturity model (SPM3). Annual North American meeting of the Project Management Institute Atlanta, GA. 2007.#
23- Box S, Platts K. Business process management: establishing and maintaining project alignment. Business Process Management Journal. 11(4), 370-387. 2005.#
24- Jamieson A, Morris P.W.G Moving from corporate strategy to project strategy. In: Morris, P.W.G. and Pinto, J.K. (Eds), The Wiley Guide to Managing Projects. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007.#
25- Britz J, Buys A. The link between project management and strategic management: Realising strategy success. AFRICON 2007. 2007.#
26- Morris P, Jamieson A. Translating corporate strategy into project strategy: realizing corporate strategy through project management. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, 2004.#
27- Morris P, Jamieson A. Moving from corporate strategy to project strategy. Project Management Journal. 36(4), 5-18. 2005.#
28- PMI. A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide). Newtown Square, Pennsylvania: Project Management Institute, Inc., 2013.#
29- Shenhar AJ, editor Meeting time, cost, and money-making goals with Strategic Project Leadership. 2011 PMI Global Congress Proceedings; Dallas, TX: Project Management Institute. 2011.#
30- Shenhar AJ, Dragan M, Dov D, Hans T. Linking Project Management to Business Strategy. Newtown Square, Pennsylvania: Project Management Institute, Inc., 2007.#
31- Aronson ZH, Shenhar AJ, Reilly RR. Project spirit: Placing partakers' emotions, attitudes and norms in the context of project vision, artifacts, leader values, contextual performance and success. The Journal of High Technology Management Research. 21(1), 2-13. 2010.#
32- Aronson ZH, Shenhar AJ, Patanakul P. Managing the intangible aspects of a project: the affect of vision, artifacts, and leader values on project spirit and success in technology‐driven projects. Project Management Journal. 44(1), 35-58. 2013.#
33- Shenhar AJ. Strategic project management: the new framework. Management of Engineering and Technology, Technology and Innovation Management (PICMET 1999) Portland International Conference on. 1999.#
34- Poli M, Cosić I, Lalić B. Project strategy: Matching project structure to project type to achieve better success. International journal of industrial engineering and management. 1(1), 29-40. 2010.#
35- Awwal MI. Importance of Strategic Aspect in Project Management: A Literature Critique. International Journal of Supply Chain Management. 3(4). 2014.#