Reflections on Social Impact Assessment in the 21st Century (Translate)
Subject Areas :Frank Vanclay 1 , Fatemeh Tanhaa 2
1 - Faculty of Spatial Sciences
2 - Assistant Professor. Faculty of Social Science. University of Tehran
Keywords: social impact assessment, social license for activity and growth, public participation, international environmental standards, social and governance issues, corporate social responsibility.,
Abstract :
Social impact assessment (SIA) is a field of research and practice that deals with everything related to the management of social issues throughout the life cycle of a project (before its initiation to its completion). ETA has evolved from a monitoring tool to a project social issue management process used by developers, financiers, affected communities and environmental licensing agencies. Eta considers the following: interest sharing, boom and bust cycles, community development, community participation, community resilience, cultural heritage, due diligence, empowerment, gender issues, grievance mechanisms, human rights, impact and benefits agreements, Indigenous people, migration, livelihood restoration, local content, local procurement, project-induced displacement and resettlement, psychosocial impacts, social performance, social impact management plans, social inclusion, social investment, social license to operate, social performance, stakeholder participation Beneficiaries, vulnerable groups and traditional issues such as identifying social effects and designing interventions to reduce harm. ETA has been implemented in various countries for more than 50 years, yet complex issues such as involuntary resettlement, livelihood restoration, belonging to place, sense of place, preservation of intangible cultural heritage and finding alternative land remain among the remaining issues in the plans. It's a waste. Corruption, rent-seeking, capture of elites, hoarding and opportunistic behavior are among the problematic cases in the implementation of ETA.